Jak wyodrębnić zdania zawierające konkretne nazwiska osoba korzystająca R

Question

używam R wyodrębnić zdań zawierających konkretne nazwiska osoba z tekstami i tu jest akapit próbki:

bokser jako reformator w Tybindze, przyjął telefon do Uniwersytetu w Wittenberdze Marcina Lutra, polecany przez jego wielkiego wujka Johanna Reuchlina. Melanchton stał się profesorem języka greckiego w Wittenberdze w wieku 21 lat. Studiował Pismo Święte, zwłaszcza Pawła i doktrynę ewangelicką. Był obecny podczas dysputy w Lipsku (1519) jako widz, ale brał udział w swoich komentarzach. Johann Eck zaatakował swoje poglądy, Melanchthon odpowiedział na podstawie autorytetu Pisma Świętego w jego Defensio contra Johannem Eckium.

W tym krótkim ustępie, istnieje kilka nazw osoba taka jak: Johann Reuchlin, Melanchtona, Johann Eck. Z pomocą openNLP opakowaniu, trzy nazwiska osoby Martin Luther, Pawła i Melanchtona można prawidłowo wyodrębnione i rozpoznawane. Następnie mam dwa pytania:

1. Jak mogłem wydobyć zdania zawierające te nazwy?
2. Ponieważ dane wyjściowe rozpoznanego obiektu encji nie są tak obiecujące, jeśli dodaję "[[]]" do każdego imienia, na przykład [[Johann Reuchlin]], [[Melanchthon]], jak mogę wyodrębnić zdania, które zawierają te zdania wyrazy nazw [[A]], [[B]] ...?

Answer 1

Using `strsplit` and `grep`, first I set made an object `para` which was your paragraph. 

toMatch <- c("Martin Luther", "Paul", "Melanchthon") 

unlist(strsplit(para,split="\\."))[grep(paste(toMatch, collapse="|"),unlist(strsplit(para,split="\\.")))] 


> unlist(strsplit(para,split="\\."))[grep(paste(toMatch, collapse="|"),unlist(strsplit(para,split="\\.")))] 
[1] "Opposed as a reformer at Tübingen, he accepted a call to the University of Wittenberg by Martin Luther, recommended by his great-uncle Johann Reuchlin" 
[2] " Melanchthon became professor of the Greek language in Wittenberg at the age of 21"                  
[3] " He studied the Scripture, especially of Paul, and Evangelical doctrine"                    
[4] " Johann Eck having attacked his views, Melanchthon replied based on the authority of Scripture in his Defensio contra Johannem Eckium"  

Albo trochę czystsze:

sentences<-unlist(strsplit(para,split="\\.")) 
sentences[grep(paste(toMatch, collapse="|"),sentences)] 

Jeśli szukasz zdania, że ​​każda osoba jest w postaci oddzielnych powraca następnie:

toMatch <- c("Martin Luther", "Paul", "Melanchthon") 
sentences<-unlist(strsplit(para,split="\\.")) 
foo<-function(Match){sentences[grep(Match,sentences)]} 
lapply(toMatch,foo) 

[[1]] 
[1] "Opposed as a reformer at Tübingen, he accepted a call to the University of Wittenberg by Martin Luther, recommended by his great-uncle Johann Reuchlin" 

[[2]] 
[1] " He studied the Scripture, especially of Paul, and Evangelical doctrine" 

[[3]] 
[1] " Melanchthon became professor of the Greek language in Wittenberg at the age of 21"             
[2] " Johann Eck having attacked his views, Melanchthon replied based on the authority of Scripture in his Defensio contra Johannem Eckium" 

Edit 3: Aby dodać nazwa każdej osoby, zrób coś prostego, takiego jak:

foo<-function(Match){c(Match,sentences[grep(Match,sentences)])} 

EDIT 4:

A jeśli chciał znaleźć zdań, które miały wiele osób/miejsc/rzeczy (słowa), a następnie po prostu dodać argument dla tych dwóch, takich jak:

toMatch <- c("Martin Luther", "Paul", "Melanchthon","(?=.*Melanchthon)(?=.*Scripture)") 

i zmienić perl do TRUE:

foo<-function(Match){c(Match,sentences[grep(Match,sentences,perl = T)])} 


> lapply(toMatch,foo) 
[[1]] 
[1] "Martin Luther"                                   
[2] "Opposed as a reformer at Tübingen, he accepted a call to the University of Wittenberg by Martin Luther, recommended by his great-uncle Johann Reuchlin" 

[[2]] 
[1] "Paul"                 
[2] " He studied the Scripture, especially of Paul, and Evangelical doctrine" 

[[3]] 
[1] "Melanchthon"                               
[2] " Melanchthon became professor of the Greek language in Wittenberg at the age of 21"             
[3] " Johann Eck having attacked his views, Melanchthon replied based on the authority of Scripture in his Defensio contra Johannem Eckium" 

[[4]] 
[1] "(?=.*Melanchthon)(?=.*Scripture)"                          
[2] " Johann Eck having attacked his views, Melanchthon replied based on the authority of Scripture in his Defensio contra Johannem Eckium" 

EDIT 5: odpowiadając na inne pytanie:

Podano:

sentenceR<-"Opposed as a reformer at [[Tübingen]], he accepted a call to the University of [[Wittenberg]] by [[Martin Luther]], recommended by his great-uncle [[Johann Reuchlin]]" 

gsub("\\[\\[|\\]\\]", "", regmatches(sentenceR, gregexpr("\\[\\[.*?\\]\\]", sentenceR))[[1]]) 

Poda ci słowa w podwójnych nawiasach.

> gsub("\\[\\[|\\]\\]", "", regmatches(sentenceR, gregexpr("\\[\\[.*?\\]\\]", sentenceR))[[1]]) 
[1] "Tübingen"  "Wittenberg"  "Martin Luther" "Johann Reuchlin" 

Answer 2

Oto znacznie prostsza metoda z użyciem dwóch pakietów quanteda i Stringi:

sents <- unlist(quanteda::tokenize(txt, what = "sentence")) 
namesToExtract <- c("Martin Luther", "Paul", "Melanchthon") 
namesFound <- unlist(stringi::stri_extract_all_regex(sents, paste(namesToExtract, collapse = "|"))) 
sentList <- split(sents, list(namesFound)) 

sentList[["Melanchthon"]] 
## [1] "Melanchthon became professor of the Greek language in Wittenberg at the age of 21."             
## [2] "Johann Eck having attacked his views, Melanchthon replied based on the authority of Scripture in his Defensio contra Johannem Eckium." 

sentList 
## $`Martin Luther` 
## [1] "Opposed as a reformer at Tübingen, he accepted a call to the University of Wittenberg by Martin Luther, recommended by his great-uncle Johann Reuchlin." 
## 
## $Melanchthon 
## [1] "Melanchthon became professor of the Greek language in Wittenberg at the age of 21."             
## [2] "Johann Eck having attacked his views, Melanchthon replied based on the authority of Scripture in his Defensio contra Johannem Eckium." 
## 
## $Paul 
## [1] "He studied the Scripture, especially of Paul, and Evangelical doctrine."